TY - JOUR
T1 - Association study of gender identity disorder and sex hormone-related genes
AU - Ujike, Hiroshi
AU - Otani, Kyohei
AU - Nakatsuka, Mikiya
AU - Ishii, Kazushi
AU - Sasaki, Aiko
AU - Oishi, Tomoko
AU - Sato, Toshiki
AU - Okahisa, Yuko
AU - Matsumoto, Yosuke
AU - Namba, Yuzaburo
AU - Kimata, Yoshihiro
AU - Kuroda, Shigetoshi
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was partly supported by the Zikei Institute of Psychiatry (Okayama, Japan) and Grants-in-Aid from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (No. 17591213).
PY - 2009/10/1
Y1 - 2009/10/1
N2 - To investigate the biological mechanism of gender identity disorder (GID), five candidate sex hormone-related genes, encoding androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptors α (ERα) and β (ERβ), aromatase (CYP19), and progesterone receptor (PGR) were analyzed by a case-control association study. Subjects were 242 transsexuals (74 male-to-female patients (MTF) and 168 female-to-male patients (FTM)), and 275 healthy age- and geographical origin-matched controls (106 males and 169 females). The distributions of CAG repeat numbers in exon 1 of AR, TA repeat numbers in the promoter region of ERα, CA repeat numbers in intron 5 of ERβ, TTTA repeat numbers in intron 4 of CYP19, and six polymorphisms (rs2008112, rs508653, V660L, H770H, rs572698 and PROGINS) of PGR were analyzed. No significant difference in allelic or genotypic distribution of any gene examined was found between MTFs and control males or between FTMs and control females. The present findings do not provide any evidence that genetic variants of sex hormone-related genes confer individual susceptibility to MTF or FTM transsexualism.
AB - To investigate the biological mechanism of gender identity disorder (GID), five candidate sex hormone-related genes, encoding androgen receptor (AR), estrogen receptors α (ERα) and β (ERβ), aromatase (CYP19), and progesterone receptor (PGR) were analyzed by a case-control association study. Subjects were 242 transsexuals (74 male-to-female patients (MTF) and 168 female-to-male patients (FTM)), and 275 healthy age- and geographical origin-matched controls (106 males and 169 females). The distributions of CAG repeat numbers in exon 1 of AR, TA repeat numbers in the promoter region of ERα, CA repeat numbers in intron 5 of ERβ, TTTA repeat numbers in intron 4 of CYP19, and six polymorphisms (rs2008112, rs508653, V660L, H770H, rs572698 and PROGINS) of PGR were analyzed. No significant difference in allelic or genotypic distribution of any gene examined was found between MTFs and control males or between FTMs and control females. The present findings do not provide any evidence that genetic variants of sex hormone-related genes confer individual susceptibility to MTF or FTM transsexualism.
KW - Androgen receptor
KW - Estrogen receptor
KW - Gender identity disorder
KW - Genetic association study
KW - Transsexualism
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U2 - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.07.008
DO - 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2009.07.008
M3 - Article
C2 - 19604497
AN - SCOPUS:69349092890
SN - 0278-5846
VL - 33
SP - 1241
EP - 1244
JO - Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
JF - Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
IS - 7
ER -