Basic study on human error -Collective social loafing and hindsight bias

Social dilemma situations in an organization, under which uncooperative behaviors frequently occur, can lead to violation of social rules, and at the worst case it cannot help suffering from serious accidents or scandals. In a variety of social dilemma situations, it is necessary to promote cooperative behavior somehow and optimize interests of society or organization. Collective social loafing, in a sense, corresponds to defective behavior in a social dilemma situation. Therefore, it is important for organizational managers to take proper measures so that social loafing does not lead to serious accidents. It is suggested that hindsight becomes an obstacle to the objective survey of an accident, and that the proper countermeasures for the prevention of such an accident is impossible if we view the accident with hindsight. In this study, two basic phenomena potentially related to accidents, that is, social loafing and hindsight were taken up, and an attempt was made to explore two phenomena in order to get basically insights into the prevention of accidents caused by such human error.