Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion induces striatal alterations due to the transient increase of NO production and the depression of glutathione content

We examined the effects of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on the endogenous oxidative stress-related indices, nitrite and nitrate (NO_x) concentration, glutathione (GSH) content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances level in the rat striatum, to clarify the participation of oxidative stress in the chronic cerebral hypoperfusion-induced alterations. Our present results indicate that chronic cerebral hypoperfusion produces oxidative stress and disturbs intracellular redox regulation in two distinct phases: at 1 day, "acute" and at 6 weeks, "chronic" alterations after the operation. Therefore, striatal neural cell damage may be mainly attributed to the transient increase of NOx production at 1 day after, and the delayed reduction of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor binding in the striatum may be mostly attributed to the continuous depression of GSH content from the 1st to the 6th post-operative week. In particular, the continuous GSH depression may be considered to accompany the pathophysiology of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.