Ebstein's anomaly in the adult: Timing for surgical intervention in adult population

Ebstein's anomaly (EA) is a rare congenital cardiac malformation, and this anomaly is a disorder of a tricuspid valve (TV) development in which the valve leaflets fail to delaminate properly from the ventricular wall. Clinical symptoms are age dependent and include cyanosis (size of interatrial communication), right-sided heart failure, arrhythmias, and general fatigue on exercise. Optimal timing of surgical intervention is often difficult and must be individualized. Patients have good long-term survival and functional outcomes after undergoing surgery for Ebstein anomaly in adult population. Operation includes tricuspid valve repair or replacement, closure of any interatrial communications, and appropriate antiarrhythmia procedures.