Effect of Sb2O3 in brominated heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) on thermal degradation and debromination by iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C)

Thallada Bhaskar; Toshiki Matsui; Md A. Uddin Md. Azhar; Jun Kaneko; Akinori Muto; Yusaku Sakata

doi:10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00306-5

Effect of Sb₂O₃ in brominated heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) on thermal degradation and debromination by iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C)

Thallada Bhaskar, Toshiki Matsui, Md A. Uddin Md. Azhar, Jun Kaneko, Akinori Muto, Yusaku Sakata

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

53 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C) was prepared and used for catalytic debromination process during pyrolysis of heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) with various brominated flame retardants at 430°C into fuel oil. The effect of antimony oxide (Sb₂O₃: synergist) in HIPS-Br containing decabromo diphenyl oxide (DDO) and decabromo diphenyl ethane (DDE) as flame retardant was investigated. The thermal degradation of HIPS-Br produced various brominated hydrocarbons and also hydrobromic acid (HBr) in addition to various hydrocarbons. The synergist (Sb₂O₃) reacted with the hydrogen bromide evolved during the pyrolysis process and formed the SbBr₃ in the liquid products. The presence of bromine content (organic and inorganic) in liquid products is not desirable to use as a fuel oil. The use of iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C) during pyrolysis debrominated (ca. 99%) the bromine compounds from liquid products. The presence of Sb₂O₃ (5 wt.%) decreased both the hydrogen bromide and brominated hydrocarbons by forming SbBr₃ and produced high quantity of lower hydrocarbons (C₇-C₁₁). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the presence of Sb₂O₃ in HIPS-Br decreased the degradation temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction results showed the presence of Fe₃O₄ phase in fresh Fe-C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) shows the presence of Sb and Br in used Fe-C catalyst in the degradation process.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	229-241
Number of pages	13
Journal	Applied Catalysis B: Environmental
Volume	43
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00306-5
Publication status	Published - Jul 10 2003
Externally published	Yes

Keywords

Fuel oil
HIPS-Br
Iron oxide catalyst
Pyrolysis
SbO-synergist

ASJC Scopus subject areas

Catalysis
Environmental Science(all)
Process Chemistry and Technology

Access to Document

10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00306-5

Cite this

Effect of Sb₂O₃ in brominated heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) on thermal degradation and debromination by iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C). / Bhaskar, Thallada; Matsui, Toshiki; Uddin Md. Azhar, Md A. et al.
In: Applied Catalysis B: Environmental, Vol. 43, No. 3, 10.07.2003, p. 229-241.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

@article{2ba315acc3aa4b70a0826ff9b7e2e49f,

title = "Effect of Sb2O3 in brominated heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) on thermal degradation and debromination by iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C)",

abstract = "The iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C) was prepared and used for catalytic debromination process during pyrolysis of heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) with various brominated flame retardants at 430°C into fuel oil. The effect of antimony oxide (Sb2O3: synergist) in HIPS-Br containing decabromo diphenyl oxide (DDO) and decabromo diphenyl ethane (DDE) as flame retardant was investigated. The thermal degradation of HIPS-Br produced various brominated hydrocarbons and also hydrobromic acid (HBr) in addition to various hydrocarbons. The synergist (Sb2O3) reacted with the hydrogen bromide evolved during the pyrolysis process and formed the SbBr3 in the liquid products. The presence of bromine content (organic and inorganic) in liquid products is not desirable to use as a fuel oil. The use of iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C) during pyrolysis debrominated (ca. 99%) the bromine compounds from liquid products. The presence of Sb2O3 (5 wt.%) decreased both the hydrogen bromide and brominated hydrocarbons by forming SbBr3 and produced high quantity of lower hydrocarbons (C7-C11). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the presence of Sb2O3 in HIPS-Br decreased the degradation temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction results showed the presence of Fe3O4 phase in fresh Fe-C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) shows the presence of Sb and Br in used Fe-C catalyst in the degradation process.",

keywords = "Fuel oil, HIPS-Br, Iron oxide catalyst, Pyrolysis, SbO-synergist",

author = "Thallada Bhaskar and Toshiki Matsui and {Uddin Md. Azhar}, {Md A.} and Jun Kaneko and Akinori Muto and Yusaku Sakata",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank New Energy Development Organization (NEDO), Japan for financial support to carry out this research work under the Chugoku regional consortium project (2000–2003). We are grateful to Dr. Katsuhide Murata (K. Murata Inc., Ichihara, Japan) and Dr. Emma Jakab (Research Laboratory of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary) for their valuable discussions. ",

year = "2003",

month = jul,

day = "10",

doi = "10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00306-5",

language = "English",

volume = "43",

pages = "229--241",

journal = "Applied Catalysis B: Environmental",

issn = "0926-3373",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "3",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effect of Sb2O3 in brominated heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) on thermal degradation and debromination by iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C)

AU - Bhaskar, Thallada

AU - Matsui, Toshiki

AU - Uddin Md. Azhar, Md A.

AU - Kaneko, Jun

AU - Muto, Akinori

AU - Sakata, Yusaku

N1 - Funding Information: The authors thank New Energy Development Organization (NEDO), Japan for financial support to carry out this research work under the Chugoku regional consortium project (2000–2003). We are grateful to Dr. Katsuhide Murata (K. Murata Inc., Ichihara, Japan) and Dr. Emma Jakab (Research Laboratory of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Chemical Research Center, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Hungary) for their valuable discussions.

PY - 2003/7/10

Y1 - 2003/7/10

N2 - The iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C) was prepared and used for catalytic debromination process during pyrolysis of heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) with various brominated flame retardants at 430°C into fuel oil. The effect of antimony oxide (Sb2O3: synergist) in HIPS-Br containing decabromo diphenyl oxide (DDO) and decabromo diphenyl ethane (DDE) as flame retardant was investigated. The thermal degradation of HIPS-Br produced various brominated hydrocarbons and also hydrobromic acid (HBr) in addition to various hydrocarbons. The synergist (Sb2O3) reacted with the hydrogen bromide evolved during the pyrolysis process and formed the SbBr3 in the liquid products. The presence of bromine content (organic and inorganic) in liquid products is not desirable to use as a fuel oil. The use of iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C) during pyrolysis debrominated (ca. 99%) the bromine compounds from liquid products. The presence of Sb2O3 (5 wt.%) decreased both the hydrogen bromide and brominated hydrocarbons by forming SbBr3 and produced high quantity of lower hydrocarbons (C7-C11). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the presence of Sb2O3 in HIPS-Br decreased the degradation temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction results showed the presence of Fe3O4 phase in fresh Fe-C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) shows the presence of Sb and Br in used Fe-C catalyst in the degradation process.

AB - The iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C) was prepared and used for catalytic debromination process during pyrolysis of heating impact polystyrene (HIPS-Br) with various brominated flame retardants at 430°C into fuel oil. The effect of antimony oxide (Sb2O3: synergist) in HIPS-Br containing decabromo diphenyl oxide (DDO) and decabromo diphenyl ethane (DDE) as flame retardant was investigated. The thermal degradation of HIPS-Br produced various brominated hydrocarbons and also hydrobromic acid (HBr) in addition to various hydrocarbons. The synergist (Sb2O3) reacted with the hydrogen bromide evolved during the pyrolysis process and formed the SbBr3 in the liquid products. The presence of bromine content (organic and inorganic) in liquid products is not desirable to use as a fuel oil. The use of iron oxide carbon composite catalyst (Fe-C) during pyrolysis debrominated (ca. 99%) the bromine compounds from liquid products. The presence of Sb2O3 (5 wt.%) decreased both the hydrogen bromide and brominated hydrocarbons by forming SbBr3 and produced high quantity of lower hydrocarbons (C7-C11). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the presence of Sb2O3 in HIPS-Br decreased the degradation temperature. Powder X-ray diffraction results showed the presence of Fe3O4 phase in fresh Fe-C. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) shows the presence of Sb and Br in used Fe-C catalyst in the degradation process.

KW - Fuel oil

KW - HIPS-Br

KW - Iron oxide catalyst

KW - Pyrolysis

KW - SbO-synergist

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0037860957&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0037860957&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00306-5

DO - 10.1016/S0926-3373(02)00306-5

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:0037860957

SN - 0926-3373

VL - 43

SP - 229

EP - 241

JO - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

JF - Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

IS - 3

ER -