TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of sulfur on sound velocity of liquid iron under Martian core conditions
AU - Nishida, Keisuke
AU - Shibazaki, Yuki
AU - Terasaki, Hidenori
AU - Higo, Yuji
AU - Suzuki, Akio
AU - Funamori, Nobumasa
AU - Hirose, Kei
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors acknowledge K. Ichimura, H. Yoshida and K. Yonemitsu for assisting EPMA analyses. We also thank Y. Tange, S. Kamada, H. Tobe, R. Abe, S. Kobayashi, I. Yamada, Y. Shimoyama, and K. Watanabe for their advice and technical support. Comments from anonymous reviewers helped to improve the manuscript. This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI (grant no. 12J07930, 26800231, 17K14379, and 16H06285). The synchrotron radiation experiments were performed at the BL04B1 beamline at the SPring-8 facility (proposal no. 2013A1508, 2013B1174, 2014A1146, 2016A1235, 2017A1255, and 2017B1270) and at the AR-NE7A beamline at the KEK PF-AR facility (proposal no. 2015G539 and 2017G634).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, The Author(s).
PY - 2020/12/1
Y1 - 2020/12/1
N2 - Sulfur has been considered to be a predominant light element in the Martian core, and thus the sound velocity of Fe-S alloys at relevant high pressure and temperature is of great importance to interpret its seismological data. Here we measured the compressional sound velocity (VP) of liquid Fe, Fe80S20 and Fe57S43 using ultrasonic pulse-echo overlap method combined with a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus up to 20 GPa, likely corresponding to the condition at the uppermost core of Mars. The results demonstrate that the VP of liquid iron is least sensitive to its sulfur concentration in the Mars’ whole core pressure range. The comparison of seismic wave speeds of Fe-S liquids with future observations will therefore tell whether the Martian core is molten and contains impurity elements other than sulfur.
AB - Sulfur has been considered to be a predominant light element in the Martian core, and thus the sound velocity of Fe-S alloys at relevant high pressure and temperature is of great importance to interpret its seismological data. Here we measured the compressional sound velocity (VP) of liquid Fe, Fe80S20 and Fe57S43 using ultrasonic pulse-echo overlap method combined with a Kawai-type multi-anvil apparatus up to 20 GPa, likely corresponding to the condition at the uppermost core of Mars. The results demonstrate that the VP of liquid iron is least sensitive to its sulfur concentration in the Mars’ whole core pressure range. The comparison of seismic wave speeds of Fe-S liquids with future observations will therefore tell whether the Martian core is molten and contains impurity elements other than sulfur.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-020-15755-2
DO - 10.1038/s41467-020-15755-2
M3 - Article
C2 - 32404909
AN - SCOPUS:85084582968
SN - 2041-1723
VL - 11
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
IS - 1
M1 - 1954
ER -