TY - JOUR
T1 - Estimation of periodontal pocket surface area in small to medium dogs
T2 - a proof-of-concept study
AU - Tamura, Kazuya
AU - Tokuzen-Tai, Masako
AU - Siddiqui, Yasir Dilshad
AU - Tamura-Naito, Hitomi
AU - Nagahara, Yoshiharu
AU - Hatanaka-Takeuchi, Kazu
AU - Yamamoto, Tadashi
AU - Takashiba, Shogo
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank Eriko Uesakai (Ishizuka Animal Hospital), Koh Takekawa (Kan Animal Hospital), Toshiki Okumura (Park Animal Hospital), Shimabukuro Yuri (Nara Animal Medical center), Shota Higuchi (Animal Orthopedic Hospital), Takayuki Suzuki (Sakatani Animal Hospital) and Yuya Miyaji (Shinfukushima Animal Hospital) for collecting and providing both data and extraction teeth from the dogs. In addition, we thank Professor Atsuhiro Hayashi (Nagoya Institute of Technology) for his helpful discussion on statistical analyses. We would like to thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Background: Periodontal disease is the most common dental disease in dogs. Although the systemic effects of periodontal disease have not been clarified in veterinary science, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of periodontal disease in clinical trials in the future. There have been a few clinical attempts made, however, to assess the severity of periodontal inflammation and its impact on the systemic health of dogs. Meanwhile, in the field of dentistry for humans, the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and periodontal epithelial surface area (PESA) have been used to quantitatively assess the degree of periodontal disease affecting a single tooth as well as the overall extent of periodontitis. Recent studies have also suggested the use of these assessments to examine the relationship between periodontal inflammation and systemic health. Results: The estimation formula for a dog’s periodontal pocket surface area (PPSA), an alternative to PISA and PESA in humans, was established using body weight and periodontal pocket depth. Actual values were measured using extracted teeth from various dog breeds and sizes (2.3–25.0 kg of body weight) to obtain universal regression equations for PPSA. Altogether, 625 teeth from 73 dogs of 16 breeds were extracted and subsequently analyzed for morphological information. PPSA was measured in 61 dogs of 10 breeds with periodontal disease using the established estimation formulas, and the correlation between PPSA and preoperative blood chemistry data was analyzed accordingly. A strong correlation was found between PPSA and serum globulin (r = 0.71) while moderate correlations were found for C-reactive protein (r = 0.54) and serum albumin (r = -0.51). Conclusions: Estimation formulas using body weight and the 6-point probing depth were established for determining PPSA. Direct correlations between PPSA and several blood test results were observed in the study sample. Taken together, these results suggest that PPSA could be useful for evaluating the effects of periodontitis on systemic conditions in dogs.
AB - Background: Periodontal disease is the most common dental disease in dogs. Although the systemic effects of periodontal disease have not been clarified in veterinary science, it is necessary to evaluate the effects of periodontal disease in clinical trials in the future. There have been a few clinical attempts made, however, to assess the severity of periodontal inflammation and its impact on the systemic health of dogs. Meanwhile, in the field of dentistry for humans, the periodontal inflamed surface area (PISA) and periodontal epithelial surface area (PESA) have been used to quantitatively assess the degree of periodontal disease affecting a single tooth as well as the overall extent of periodontitis. Recent studies have also suggested the use of these assessments to examine the relationship between periodontal inflammation and systemic health. Results: The estimation formula for a dog’s periodontal pocket surface area (PPSA), an alternative to PISA and PESA in humans, was established using body weight and periodontal pocket depth. Actual values were measured using extracted teeth from various dog breeds and sizes (2.3–25.0 kg of body weight) to obtain universal regression equations for PPSA. Altogether, 625 teeth from 73 dogs of 16 breeds were extracted and subsequently analyzed for morphological information. PPSA was measured in 61 dogs of 10 breeds with periodontal disease using the established estimation formulas, and the correlation between PPSA and preoperative blood chemistry data was analyzed accordingly. A strong correlation was found between PPSA and serum globulin (r = 0.71) while moderate correlations were found for C-reactive protein (r = 0.54) and serum albumin (r = -0.51). Conclusions: Estimation formulas using body weight and the 6-point probing depth were established for determining PPSA. Direct correlations between PPSA and several blood test results were observed in the study sample. Taken together, these results suggest that PPSA could be useful for evaluating the effects of periodontitis on systemic conditions in dogs.
KW - Dog
KW - Estimation method
KW - Periodontal pocket surface area
KW - Periodontitis
KW - Periodontology
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U2 - 10.1186/s12917-021-03116-0
DO - 10.1186/s12917-021-03116-0
M3 - Article
C2 - 34980120
AN - SCOPUS:85122219745
SN - 1746-6148
VL - 18
JO - BMC Veterinary Research
JF - BMC Veterinary Research
IS - 1
M1 - 13
ER -