@article{c818657bf94244679f048f2fd92897fb,
title = "Measurement of the cosmic-ray low-energy antiproton spectrum with the first BESS-Polar Antarctic flight",
abstract = "The BESS-Polar spectrometer had its first successful balloon flight over Antarctica in December 2004. During the 8.5-day long-duration flight, almost 0.9 billion events were recorded and 1,520 antiprotons were detected in the energy range 0.1-4.2 GeV. In this Letter, we report the antiproton spectrum obtained, discuss the origin of cosmic-ray antiprotons, and use antiproton data to probe the effect of charge-sign-dependent drift in the solar modulation.",
keywords = "Cosmic-ray antiproton, Solar modulation, Superconducting spectrometer",
author = "K. Abe and H. Fuke and S. Haino and T. Hams and A. Itazaki and Kim, {K. C.} and T. Kumazawa and Lee, {M. H.} and Y. Makida and S. Matsuda and K. Matsumoto and Mitchell, {J. W.} and Moiseev, {A. A.} and Z. Myers and J. Nishimura and M. Nozaki and R. Orito and Ormes, {J. F.} and M. Sasaki and Seo, {E. S.} and Y. Shikaze and Streitmatter, {R. E.} and J. Suzuki and Y. Takasugi and K. Takeuchi and K. Tanaka and T. Yamagami and A. Yamamoto and T. Yoshida and K. Yoshimura",
note = "Funding Information: The authors thank NASA Headquarters for continuous encouragement in this US–Japan cooperative project. Sincere thanks are expressed to the NASA Balloon Programs Office at GSFC/WFF and to the NASA Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility for their experienced support. They also thank ISAS/JAXA and KEK for their continuous support and encouragement. Special thanks go to the National Science Foundation (NSF), USA, and Raytheon Polar Service Company for their professional support in the USA and in Antarctica. The authors would thank the BESS-Polar II collaborators M. Hasegawa, A. Horikoshi, K. Sakai, and N. Thakur for their contribution to the instrument performance evaluation and further cooperation. The BESS-Polar experiment is being carried out as a Japan–US Collaboration. It is supported by MEXT grants (KAKENHI-13001004, 15340077, and 181040006) in Japan, and by NASA grants in the USA. Funding Information: US National Science Foundation Grant ATM-0339527. ",
year = "2008",
month = dec,
day = "11",
doi = "10.1016/j.physletb.2008.10.053",
language = "English",
volume = "670",
pages = "103--108",
journal = "Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics",
issn = "0370-2693",
publisher = "Elsevier",
number = "2",
}