@article{1679fb139b5548b5829761073593675e,
title = "Phytohormone-dependent plant defense signaling orchestrated by oral bacteria of the herbivore Spodoptera litura",
abstract = "A vast array of herbivorous arthropods live with symbiotic microorganisms. However, little is known about the nature and functional mechanism of bacterial effects on plant defense responses towards herbivores. We explored the role of microbes present in extracts of oral secretion (OS) isolated from larvae of Spodoptera litura, a generalist herbivore, in phytohormone signaling-dependent defense responses in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). In response to mechanical damage (MD) with application of bacteria-free OS (OS–) prepared by sterilization or filtration of OS, Arabidopsis leaves exhibited enhanced de novo synthesis of oxylipins, and induction of transcript abundance of the responsible genes, in comparison to those in leaves with MD + nonsterilized OS (OS+), indicating that OS bacteria serve as suppressors of these genes. By contrast, de novo synthesis/signaling of salicylic acid and signaling of abscisic acid were enhanced by OS bacteria. These signaling networks were cross-regulated by each other. Meta-analysis of OS bacteria identified 70 bacterial strains. Among them was Staphylococcus epidermidis, an anaerobic staphylococcus that was shown to contribute to the suppression/manipulation of phytohormone-dependent plant defense signaling. The presence of OS bacteria was consequently beneficial for S. litura larvae hosted by Brassicaceae.",
keywords = "Arabidopsis, Spodoptera, bacteria, defense response, oral secretions, phytohormone",
author = "Yukiyo Yamasaki and Hiroka Sumioka and Mayu Takiguchi and Takuya Uemura and Yuka Kihara and Tomonori Shinya and Ivan Galis and Arimura, {Gen ichiro}",
note = "Funding Information: The coi1-1, npr1-1 and abi1-1 seeds were provided by Riken BRC. We would like to thank Dr Toshiki Furuya (Tokyo University of Science) for kindly assisting with culturing of anaerobic bacteria. This work was financially supported in part by a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (20H02951), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (20H04786 and 18H04786), and Nagase Science?and?Technology?Foundation to G-iA, JSPS KAKENHI (20K15878) to TU, and by MEXT as part of the Joint Research Program implemented at the Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University. Funding Information: The , and seeds were provided by Riken BRC. We would like to thank Dr Toshiki Furuya (Tokyo University of Science) for kindly assisting with culturing of anaerobic bacteria. This work was financially supported in part by a Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI (20H02951), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) Grants‐in‐Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (20H04786 and 18H04786), and Nagase Science and Technology Foundation to G‐iA, JSPS KAKENHI (20K15878) to TU, and by MEXT as part of the Joint Research Program implemented at the Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University. coi1‐1 npr1‐1 abi1‐1 Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 The Authors. New Phytologist {\textcopyright} 2021 New Phytologist Foundation",
year = "2021",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1111/nph.17444",
language = "English",
volume = "231",
pages = "2029--2038",
journal = "New Phytologist",
issn = "0028-646X",
publisher = "Wiley-Blackwell",
number = "5",
}