TY - JOUR
T1 - Reaction between Graphene Oxide and Intracellular Glutathione Affects Cell Viability and Proliferation
AU - Ma, Baojin
AU - Guo, Shi
AU - Nishina, Yuta
AU - Bianco, Alberto
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) through the International Research Project MULTIDIM between I2CT Unit and Okayama University, the International Center for Frontier Research in Chemistry (icFRC), and financial support from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) through the LabEx project Chemistry of Complex Systems (ANR-10-LABX-0026_CSC). We thank Cathy Royer and Valérie Demais for help with TEM analyses at the “Plateforme Imagerie in vitro” at the Center of Neurochemistry (INCI, Strasbourg, France).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 American Chemical Society. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/1/27
Y1 - 2021/1/27
N2 - Graphene oxide (GO) is currently developed for biomedical applications as a promising nanoplatform for drug delivery, phototherapy, and biosensing. As a consequence, its safety and cytotoxicity issues have attracted extensive attention. It has been demonstrated that GO causes an increase of intracellular oxidative stress, likely leading to its cytotoxicity and inhibition of cell proliferation. Being one of the main reductive intracellular substances, glutathione (GSH) is vital in the regulation of the oxidative stress level to maintain normal cellular functions. In this study, we found that GSH could be oxidized to GSSG by GO, leading to the formation of reduced GO (rGO). GSH depletion affects the intracellular reductive/oxidative balance, provoking the increase of the reactive oxygen species level, sequentially inhibiting cell viability and proliferation. Therefore, the reaction between GO and GSH provides a new perspective to explain the origin of GO cytotoxicity.
AB - Graphene oxide (GO) is currently developed for biomedical applications as a promising nanoplatform for drug delivery, phototherapy, and biosensing. As a consequence, its safety and cytotoxicity issues have attracted extensive attention. It has been demonstrated that GO causes an increase of intracellular oxidative stress, likely leading to its cytotoxicity and inhibition of cell proliferation. Being one of the main reductive intracellular substances, glutathione (GSH) is vital in the regulation of the oxidative stress level to maintain normal cellular functions. In this study, we found that GSH could be oxidized to GSSG by GO, leading to the formation of reduced GO (rGO). GSH depletion affects the intracellular reductive/oxidative balance, provoking the increase of the reactive oxygen species level, sequentially inhibiting cell viability and proliferation. Therefore, the reaction between GO and GSH provides a new perspective to explain the origin of GO cytotoxicity.
KW - cancer cells
KW - carbon nanomaterial
KW - oxidation
KW - reactive oxygen species
KW - reduction
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U2 - 10.1021/acsami.0c17523
DO - 10.1021/acsami.0c17523
M3 - Article
C2 - 33428377
AN - SCOPUS:85099993554
SN - 1944-8244
VL - 13
SP - 3528
EP - 3535
JO - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
JF - ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
IS - 3
ER -
