TY - JOUR
T1 - Up-regulation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor induced by endotoxin in experimental otitis media with effusion in mice
AU - Kariya, Shin
AU - Schachern, Patricia A.
AU - Cureoglu, Sebahattin
AU - Tsuprun, Vladimir
AU - Okano, Mitsuhiro
AU - Nishizaki, Kazunori
AU - Juhn, Steven K.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Bruce Lindgren for his statistical advice and Carolyn R. Sutherland for her technical support. This work was supported by NIDCD R01 DC006452, NIDCD P30 DC04660, International Hearing Foundation, Hubbard Foundation, Starkey Foundation, and Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan.
PY - 2008
Y1 - 2008
N2 - Conclusion. Injection of endotoxin into the middle ear causes production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in an experimental mouse model of otitis media with effusion (OME). Down-regulation of MIF may become a new approach for the management of OME. Objective. To determine the role of MIF in OME. Materials and methods. Mice were divided into two groups and their middle ears were injected with either endotoxin or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Mice were sacrificed at 6 h, 12 h, or 1, 3, 7, or 14 days after injection and concentrations of MIF, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in middle ear effusions were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. Concentrations of MIF in the endotoxin group at 1 day and 3 days were significantly higher than in the PBS control group. Concentrations of IL-1β in the endotoxin group at 6 h, 12 h, 1 day, and 3 days were significantly higher than in controls. Concentrations of TNF-α in the endotoxin group at 1 day and 3 days were significantly higher than in controls. Concentration of MIF in the endotoxin group was positively correlated with that of IL-1β and TNF-α.
AB - Conclusion. Injection of endotoxin into the middle ear causes production of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in an experimental mouse model of otitis media with effusion (OME). Down-regulation of MIF may become a new approach for the management of OME. Objective. To determine the role of MIF in OME. Materials and methods. Mice were divided into two groups and their middle ears were injected with either endotoxin or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Mice were sacrificed at 6 h, 12 h, or 1, 3, 7, or 14 days after injection and concentrations of MIF, interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in middle ear effusions were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. Concentrations of MIF in the endotoxin group at 1 day and 3 days were significantly higher than in the PBS control group. Concentrations of IL-1β in the endotoxin group at 6 h, 12 h, 1 day, and 3 days were significantly higher than in controls. Concentrations of TNF-α in the endotoxin group at 1 day and 3 days were significantly higher than in controls. Concentration of MIF in the endotoxin group was positively correlated with that of IL-1β and TNF-α.
KW - Cytokines
KW - Middle ear
KW - Mouse
KW - Otitis media
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U2 - 10.1080/00016480701714228
DO - 10.1080/00016480701714228
M3 - Article
C2 - 18568516
AN - SCOPUS:45849115114
SN - 0001-6489
VL - 128
SP - 750
EP - 755
JO - Acta Oto-Laryngologica
JF - Acta Oto-Laryngologica
IS - 7
ER -