TY - JOUR
T1 - Writing of nonlinear optical Sm 2(MoO 4) 3 crystal lines at the surface of glass by samarium atom heat processing
AU - Abe, M.
AU - Benino, Y.
AU - Fujiwara, T.
AU - Komatsu, T.
AU - Sato, R.
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported from Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications Strategic Information and Communications R&D Promotion Programs (SCOPE), Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture and Technology, Japan, and by the 21st Century Center of Excellence (COE) Program in Nagaoka University of Technology. FIG. 1. XRD patterns at room temperature for the samples ( 25 Sm 2 O 3 . 75 Mo O 3 ) prepared by solid-state reaction. FIG. 2. Raman-scattering spectra at room temperature for the samples ( 25 Sm 2 O 3 . 75 Mo O 3 ) prepared by solid-state reaction. FIG. 3. DTA pattern for 21.25 Sm 2 O 3 . 63.75 Mo O 3 . 15 B 2 O 3 glass. Heating rate was 10 K ∕ min . FIG. 4. XRD patterns at room temperature for the sample ( 25 Sm 2 O 3 . 75 Mo O 3 ) prepared by solid-state reaction and for the crystallized glass ( 21.25 Sm 2 O 3 . 63.75 Mo O 3 . 15 B 2 O 3 ) . FIG. 5. Raman-scattering spectra at room temperature for the glass and crystallized samples of 21.25 Sm 2 O 3 . 63.75 Mo O 3 . 15 B 2 O 3 . FIG. 6. Second-harmonic intensities obtained by using Kurtz and Perry’s powder method for crystallized powder samples of 21.25 Sm 2 O 3 . 63.75 Mo O 3 . 15 B 2 O 3 . FIG. 7. Polarization optical microphotographs (top views) for the samples obtained by cw Nd:YAG laser irradiations with a laser power of P = 0.4 W and sample moving speeds of S = 1 , 10, and 25 μ m ∕ s . The glass is 21.25 Sm 2 O 3 . 63.75 Mo O 3 . 15 B 2 O 3 . FIG. 8. Micro-Raman scattering spectrum (a) at room temperature for the line written by YAG laser irradiation with a power of 0.4 W and a scanning speed of 25 μ m ∕ s in 21.25 Sm 2 O 3 . 63.75 Mo O 3 . 15 B 2 O 3 glass. The spectra for the precursor glass and β ′ - Sm 2 ( Mo O 4 ) 3 crystals prepared by a solid-state reaction are included for comparison. FIG. 9. Micro-Raman-scattering spectrum (a) at room temperature for the line written by YAG laser irradiation with a power of 0.4 W and a scanning speed of 10 μ m ∕ s in 21.25 Sm 2 O 3 . 63.75 Mo O 3 . 15 B 2 O 3 glass. The spectra for the precursor glass and β ′ - Sm 2 ( Mo O 4 ) 3 crystals prepared by a solid-state reaction are included for comparison. FIG. 10. Polarization optical microphotograph for the cross section of a crystal line written by YAG laser irradiation ( P = 0.42 W , S = 10 μ m ∕ s ) in 21.25 Sm 2 O 3 . 63.75 Mo O 3 . 15 B 2 O 3 glass. FIG. 11. A schematic illustration of the model for the crystal growth at the YAG laser-irradiated region.
PY - 2005
Y1 - 2005
N2 - Some glasses such as 21.25 Sm2 O3. 63.75Mo O3. 15 B2 O3 (mol %) giving the formation of nonlinear optical Sm2 (Mo O4) 3 crystals through conventional crystallization in an electric furnace and through continuous-wave Nd: yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser (wavelength: 1064 nm) irradiation (samarium atom heat processing) have been developed. It is proposed from x-ray diffraction analyses, micro-Raman-scattering spectra, and second-harmonic generation measurements that the crystal structure of Sm2 (Mo O4) 3 formed by the crystallization is the ß′ -phase structure with an orthorhombic (noncentrosymmetric) symmetry. The lines consisting of nonlinear optical ß′ - Sm2 (Mo O4) 3 crystals are written at the surface of glasses by YAG laser irradiation (laser power: P=0.4 W, laser scanning speed: S=1-10 μms), and, in particular, homogeneous crystal lines are formed at the laser scanning speed of 1 μms. Refractive index changes (not crystallization) are also induced by YAG laser irradiation of P=0.4 W and a high laser scanning speed of S=25 μms. The crystallization mechanism in the laser-irradiated region has been proposed. The present study demonstrates that the samarium atom heat processing is a technique for the writing of rare earth containing optical nonlinear/ferroelectric crystal lines in glass.
AB - Some glasses such as 21.25 Sm2 O3. 63.75Mo O3. 15 B2 O3 (mol %) giving the formation of nonlinear optical Sm2 (Mo O4) 3 crystals through conventional crystallization in an electric furnace and through continuous-wave Nd: yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) laser (wavelength: 1064 nm) irradiation (samarium atom heat processing) have been developed. It is proposed from x-ray diffraction analyses, micro-Raman-scattering spectra, and second-harmonic generation measurements that the crystal structure of Sm2 (Mo O4) 3 formed by the crystallization is the ß′ -phase structure with an orthorhombic (noncentrosymmetric) symmetry. The lines consisting of nonlinear optical ß′ - Sm2 (Mo O4) 3 crystals are written at the surface of glasses by YAG laser irradiation (laser power: P=0.4 W, laser scanning speed: S=1-10 μms), and, in particular, homogeneous crystal lines are formed at the laser scanning speed of 1 μms. Refractive index changes (not crystallization) are also induced by YAG laser irradiation of P=0.4 W and a high laser scanning speed of S=25 μms. The crystallization mechanism in the laser-irradiated region has been proposed. The present study demonstrates that the samarium atom heat processing is a technique for the writing of rare earth containing optical nonlinear/ferroelectric crystal lines in glass.
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U2 - 10.1063/1.1938269
DO - 10.1063/1.1938269
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:21644489150
SN - 0021-8979
VL - 97
JO - Journal of Applied Physics
JF - Journal of Applied Physics
IS - 12
M1 - 123516
ER -