Macrocarquinoids A–C, new meroterpenoids from Sargassum macrocarpum

Abstract: The production and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in diabetes and diabetic complication. This study was conducted as a search for an AGE inhibitor from brown alga, Sargassum macrocarpum. Separation and purification were performed using AGEs inhibitory activity as an index, yielding isolation of 11 meroterpenoids, of which 3 were new compounds: macrocarquinoids A (1), B (6), and C (9). Their structures were elucidated using NMR spectral analysis with 2D techniques. All tested compounds showed AGEs inhibitory activity. Particularly, macrocarquinoid C (9) possessed the strongest activity (IC₅₀: 1.0 mM) of isolated compounds. This activity was stronger than that of aminoguanidine (positive control). Graphic abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].